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Chapter 18 . Setting Up Windows Interoperability with Samba 513 To PDC or Not to PDC A domain controller supplies authentication information for a Windows domain. You will rarely want your Samba server to act as a primary domain controller if you want your Samba server to join an existing Windows domain (such as at the office) because your existing Windows domain probably already has a primary domain controller (which proba- bly runs on a Windows system). Starting a second primary domain controller on an existing Windows domain will certainly confuse any Windows systems that are already members of that domain and will definitely irritate your system administrator. However, if you are con- figuring your Samba server to host a new Windows domain, you will want it to act as the primary domain controller for that domain. If you are configuring your Samba server to act as a backup for another Samba server in your domain, you may want to configure it to act as a backup domain controller. If you define a Samba server as a backup domain controller, your primary domain controller must also be a Samba server, because Samba cannot directly access authentication information that is stored in proprietary formats on a Windows primary domain controller. You will therefore have to configure your Samba backup domain controller to use the same authen- tication information as the primary domain controller. If your primary domain controller stores information in Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), you can easily configure your backup domain controller to access the same LDAP server. If your primary domain con- troller stores authentication information in a Samba password file, you will have to replicate that file manually on your backup domain controller and make sure that the contents of the two files are always synchronized. Configuring and using an LDAP server is explained in Chapter 25. SUSE provides a number of tools for file synchronization, such as Unison, InterMezzo, and rsync, which are explained in the SUSE Administration Guide that you received with your SUSE distribution. 6. The dialog box shown in Figure 18-18 enables you to specify alternate and auxiliary authentication methods. You may want to specify multiple methods if you want to be able to try various authentication services in order before falling through to the default Samba password file (/etc/samba/smbpasswd). To specify an alternate authentication mechanism, click the Add button on the dialog box shown in Figure 18-18 to display the pop-up dialog shown in Figure 18-19.
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512 Part IV . Implementing Network Services in SUSE Linux Identity. Here you have another chance to set the Windows domain or workgroup name, to decide whether the server is a PDC or not, and to set the Windows NetBIOS hostname (the name by which the server will be seen according to the native Windows naming scheme) (Figure 18-17). Figure 18-17: Samba configuration: Identity tab 5. By default, your Samba server will authenticate users by looking them up in a Samba password file, which is a text file that is explained in the following section of this chapter, Creating and Managing the Samba Password File. To set alternative sources of authentication information, click the Advanced Settings button in the Identity tab (seen in Figure 18-17), and then choose User Authentucation Sources. The screen shown in Figure 18-18 is displayed. Specifying an alternate authentication mechanism is a completely optional step most Samba servers in small and home environments use a Samba password file.
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Chapter 18 . Setting Up Windows Interoperability with Samba 511 Figure 18-15: Samba configuration: Start-up tab Figure 18-16: Samba configuration: Shares tab
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510 Part IV . Implementing Network Services in SUSE Linux 3. You can now choose whether the server should be a PDC (Primary Domain Controller) or not as in Figure 18-14. Figure 18-14: Samba configuration in YaST: second screen 4. The next screen has three tabs: Start-up. Here you decide whether the Samba service should be started at boot time (in production you will normally want to do this) or manually (Figure 18-15). Here you also have the option to open the necessary port on the firewall (if you are running one) to allow connections to the Samba server. Shares. Here the Samba shares which will be offered by the server are listed. You can add any directory as a share in this tab and provide it with the name which will be seen by Windows clients (Figure 18-16).
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Chapter 18 . Setting Up Windows Interoperability with Samba 509 Figure 18-12: Samba Server icon in YaST Figure 18-13: Initial Samba Server configuration screen in YaST
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508 Part IV . Implementing Network Services in SUSE Linux Tip 6. Next, deselect the Do Local Filtering check box. Because the printer is already configured on the remote SMB server, you do not need to do any local preprocessing in order to print to it. At this point, you can click the Test printing button to send a test printout to the remote printer. A dialog box that gives you a choice of sending a text or graphical printout to the remote printer is displayed. If the remote printer can print graphics, you should send a graphical test sheet to it in order to make sure that it is correctly configured. The graphical test sheet also contains text, so it will test both capabilities. If you print a test sheet at this point, make sure that you pick it up. It will contain the username and password that you used to access the remote printer not something you want to leave lying around! 7. When the test sheet prints successfully, click the Next button to display the next screen and click Finish to complete and save your new printer definition. Setting Up a Samba Server Like most administrative tasks on a SUSE Linux system, configuring and starting a Samba server is most easily done through YaST. You can start YaST in the same way as discussed earlier in the chapter in the section Configuring a Samba Client. To configure and start a Samba server, follow these steps: 1. Click the Network Services icon in the left pane of the YaST Control Center and scroll down the right pane until you see the Samba Server icon, as shown in Figure 18-12. 2. Click the Samba Server icon to start the Samba Server configuration, as shown in Figure 18-13. You will be prompted for the Windows workgroup or domain name. Note If you have problems locating any of the configuration options or applications described in this section, see the section Samba Client and Server Packages later in this chapter for information about locating and installing any packages that might not have been installed during the installation process.
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Chapter 18 . Setting Up Windows Interoperability with Samba 507 4. Enter the name of the workgroup or domain in which the printer is located, the name of the host that controls printing to that printer, and the name of the print queue associated with that printer on the specified host. These must not contain spaces. You must also enter the Windows login name of a user that is authorized to print to that printer, and that user s password. After entering these values, click the Test Remote SMB Access button to make sure that all of the values that you have specified are correct. If they are, a pop-up message is displayed that tells you that your system can connect to the specified printer. If the values are not correct, an error dialog box is displayed, and you should recheck the values that you have entered. If you need assistance identifying the correct values, contact the system administrator of your Windows network. When you have entered valid values and verified them, click the Next button to proceed. The dialog shown in Figure 18-11 is displayed. Figure 18-11: Setting queue values for an SMB printer in YaST 5. Enter the name that you want to associate with the specified SMB printer. This will be the queue or printer name that you specify to commands such as lpr in order to print to this printer over the network, and can be any name that you like. You can also enter description and location information for the printer, although these values are optional.
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506 Part IV . Implementing Network Services in SUSE Linux Figure 18-9: Specifying the printer type in YaST Figure 18-10: Defining a Samba or Windows printer in YaST
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Chapter 18 . Setting Up Windows Interoperability with Samba 505 Using a Windows Printer from Linux To access a networked Windows printer from your Linux system using Samba, you must have created a printer definition entry for that printer using YaST. You can then print to it as you would to any other local or networked printer. To create a printer definition for a Windows printer after installing and configuring the Samba client software, follow these steps: 1. Start YaST as explained earlier in this chapter in the section Configuring a Samba Client. Click the Hardware icon in the left pane, and select the printer icon from the right pane. The screen shown in Figure 18-8 is displayed. 2. Click the Add button to begin creating a new printer definition. The dialog shown in Figure 18-9 is displayed. 3. Select the Print via SMB Network Server option and click the Next button to display the dialog box shown in Figure 18-10. Figure 18-8: The initial printer configuration dialog box in YaST
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504 Part IV . Implementing Network Services in SUSE Linux The directory on which you want to mount the SMB share must already exist. The mount command actually executes a command called smbmount, which is usually a symbolic link to the command /sbin/mount.smbfs. After executing this command, you will be prompted for the Windows password associated with the specified user. Tip You can also execute a command as a user other than the root user by using the sudo command, which lets users execute commands as privileged users (sudo means do with a substitute user ID ). The privileged commands and the users who can perform them are listed in the file /etc/sudoers. If you have a valid entry in the /etc/sudoers file, you will be prompted for your password and then again for the Windows password associated with the specified user. If you do not have a valid entry in the /etc/sudoers file, there isn t much point in using the sudo command, but if you do you will be prompted for the root password and then again for the Windows password associated with the specified user. You can enable users to execute privileged commands by executing the visudo command as the root user, which enables you to edit the /etc/sudoersfile using the vitext editor. For more information about the sudo command, execute the man sudo command in a console window or xterm. For more information about the /etc/sudoers file, execute the command man sudoers. Tip Just like any other partitions or network drives, you can automatically mount SMB shares when your system boots by adding them to your system s /etc/fstab file. To do this, create a standard /etc/fstab entry such as the following: //SUSE/wvh /mnt/smb/wvh smbfs username=wvh,password=foo,uid=578,gid=500 0 0 The first field defines the name of the SMB share that you want to mount, the second field is the directory on your system where you want to mount the drive, and the third field is the type of filesystem that you are mounting. The fourth field provides options that you want to use when mounting the SMB share, and the fifth and sixth fields define when you want to back up the filesystem and when you want to check the consistency of the filesystem at boot time. These values are almost always 0 (zero) for networked filesystems, which means never. For SMB shares, the mount parameters that you have to pass in the mount options field include the username that you want to use for authentication with the Samba server, your password, and the user and group IDs that you want to associate with the mounted filesystem so that only you can read and write files in the Samba share. Because you have to enter your password, you should also make sure that the /etc/fstab file is not publicly readable by executing a command such as chmod 600 /etc/fstab, or else anyone in the know can view the file and find out your Windows password probably not a good idea.
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